أ حداث 11 نوفمبر

11 November Events

11-11-308
The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Maxentius and Licinius to be Augusti, while rival contender Constantine I is declared Caesar of Britain and Gaul.
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11-11-1215
The Fourth Lateran Council meets, defining the doctrine of transubstantiation, the process by which bread and wine are transformed into the body and blood of Christ.
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11-11-1500
Treaty of Granada – Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.
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11-11-1620
The Mayflower Compact is signed in what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod.
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11-11-1634
Following pressure from Anglican bishop John Atherton, the Irish House of Commons passes "An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery".
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11-11-1673
Second Battle of Khotyn in Ukraine, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of Jan Sobieski. defeat the Ottoman army. In this battle, rockets of Kazimierz Siemienowicz are successfully used.
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11-11-1675
Gottfried Leibniz demonstrated integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the graph of y = ƒ(x).
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11-11-1724
Joseph Blake, alias Blueskin, a highwayman known for attacking "Thief-Taker General" (and thief) Jonathan Wild at the Old Bailey, is hanged in London.
11-11-1750

The F.H.C. Society, also known as the Flat Hat Club, is formed at Raleigh Tavern, Williamsburg, Virginia. It is the first college fraternity.
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11-11-1778
Cherry Valley Massacre: an attack by Loyalists and Seneca Indian forces on a fort and village in eastern New York during the American Revolutionary War, killing more than forty civilians and soldiers.
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11-11-1805
– Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Dürenstein – 8000 French troops attempted to slow the retreat of a vastly superior Russian and Austrian force.
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11-11-1831
In Jerusalem, Virginia, Nat Turner is hanged after inciting a violent slave uprising.
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11-11-1839
The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
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11-11-1864
American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea – Union General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
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11-11-1865
Treaty of Sinchula is signed in which Bhutan ceded the areas east of the Teesta River to the British East India Company.
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11-11-1880
Australian Bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged at Melbourne Gaol.
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11-11-1887
Anarchist Haymarket Martyrs August Spies, Albert Parsons, Adolph Fischer and George Engel are executed.
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11-11-1887
Construction of the Manchester Ship Canal starts at Eastham.
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11-11-1889
Washington is admitted as the 42nd U.S. state.
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11-11-1911
Many cities in the U.S. Midwest broke their record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front rolls through. (see The 11/11/11 cold wave).
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11-11-1918
World War I ends: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car outside of Compiègne in France. The war officially stops at 11:00 (The eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month) this is annually honoured with two-minutes of silence.
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11-11-1918
Józef Piłsudski comes to Warsaw and assumes supreme military power in Poland. Poland regains its independence, celebrated each year on this day.
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11-11-1918
Emperor Charles I of Austria relinquishes power.
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11-11-1919
The Centralia Massacre in Centralia, Washington results the deaths of four members of the American Legion and the lynching of a local leader of the IWW.
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11-11-1919
Lāčuplēšu day – Latvian forces defeat the Freikorps at Riga in the Latvian War of Independence.
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11-11-1921
The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.
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11-11-1924
Prime Minister Alexandros Papanastasiou proclaims the first Greek Republic.
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11-11-1926
U.S. Route 66 is established.
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11-11-1930
Patent number US1781541 is awarded to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein refrigerator.
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11-11-1940
World War II: Battle of Taranto – The Royal Navy launches the first aircraft carrier strike in history, on the Italian fleet at Taranto.
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11-11-1940
The German cruiser Atlantis captures top secret British mail, and sends it to Japan.
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11-11-1940
Armistice Day Blizzard: An unexpected blizzard kills 144 in U.S. Midwest.
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11-11-1942
World War II: Nazi Germany completed their occupation of France.
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11-11-1960
A military coup against President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam is crushed.
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11-11-1962
Kuwait's National Assembly ratifies the Constitution of Kuwait.
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11-11-1965
In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white-minority government of Ian Smith unilaterally declares independence.
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11-11-1966
NASA launches spaceship Gemini 12.
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11-11-1967
Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, three American prisoners of war are released by the Viet Cong and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist Tom Hayden.
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11-11-1968
Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal is to interdict men and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, through Laos into South Vietnam.
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11-11-1968
A second republic is declared in the Maldives.
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11-11-1972
Vietnam War: Vietnamization – The United States Army turns over the massive Long Binh military base to South Vietnam.
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11-11-1975
Australian constitutional crisis of 1975: Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam and commissions Malcolm Fraser as caretaker Prime Minister, and announces a general election to be held in early December.
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11-11-1992
The Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
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11-11-2000
In Kaprun, Austria, 155 skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel.
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11-11-2001
Journalists Pierre Billaud, Johanne Sutton and Volker Handloik are killed in Afghanistan during an attack on the convoy they are traveling on top of.
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11-11-2004
New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior dedicated at the National War Memorial, Wellington.
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11-11-2004
Yasser Arafat is confirmed dead by the Palestine Liberation Organization, of unidentified causes. Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of the PLO minutes later.
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11-11-2006
The New Zealand war memorial monument is unveiled by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in London, United Kingdom, commemorating the loss of soldiers from the New Zealand Army and the British Army.
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11-11-2008
The RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 (QE2) set sail on her final voyage to Dubai.

Births in 11 November

995
Gisela of Swabia, Holy Roman Empire Empress (d. 1041)

1050
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1106)

1154
King Sancho I of Portugal (d. 1212)

1155
King Alfonso VIII of Castile (d. 1214)

1220
Alphonse of Toulouse, son of Louis VIII of France (d. 1271)

1493
Paracelsus, doctor (d. 1541)
Bernardo Tasso, Italian poet (d. 1569)


1569
– Martin Ruland the Younger, German physician and alchemist (d. 1611)

1599
– Prince Octavio Piccolomini, Duke of Amalfi, Austrian field marshal (d. 1656)
– Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, Queen of Sweden (d. 1655)


1633
– George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, British statesman (d. 1695)
1668
– Johann Albert Fabricius, German scholar and bibliographer (d. 1736)

1743
– Carl Peter Thunberg, Swedish naturalist (d. 1828)

1744
– Abigail Adams, First Lady of the United States (d. 1818)

1748
– King Charles IV of Spain (d. 1819)

1791
– Josef Munzinger, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1855)

1792
– Mary Anne Evans, English wife of Benjamin Disraeli (d. 1872)

1821
– Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist (d. 1881)

1836
– Thomas Bailey Aldrich, American poet and novelist (d. 1907)


1852
– Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (d. 1925)

1857
– Janet Erskine Stuart, Sacred Heart educator

1858
– Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian painter (d. 1884)

1863
– Paul Signac, French painter (d. 1935)

1864
– Alfred Hermann Fried, Austrian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1921)

1869
– Gaetano Bresci, Italian-American anarchist (d. 1901)
– King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (d. 1947)

1872
– David I. Walsh, 46^th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1947)

1882
– King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (d. 1973)

1883
– Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (d. 1969)

1885
– George Smith Patton, Jr., American general (d. 1945)

1887
– Roland Young, American actor (d. 1953)

1888
– Abul Kalam Azad, Indian independence movement leader (d. 1958)

1891
– Rabbit Maranville, American baseball player (d. 1954)

1898
– Rene Clair, French film director (d. 1981)

1899
– Pat O'Brien, American film actor (d. 1983)

1900
– Halina Konopacka, Polish athlete (d. 1989)


1901
– F. Van Wyck Mason, American author (d. 1978)
– Magda Goebbels, wife of Nazi minister of propaganda, Joseph Goebbels (d. 1945)
– Sam Spiegel, Austrian-born American film producer (d. 1985)


1904
– Alger Hiss, American government official and spy (d. 1996)
– J. H. C. Whitehead, British mathematician (d. 1960)

1909
– Robert Ryan, American actor (d. 1973)

1911
– Roberto Matta, Chilean painter (d. 2002)

1912
– Thomas C. Mann, American diplomat (d. 1999)



1914
– Howard Fast, American author (d. 2003)
– Henry Wade, American lawyer (d. 2001)


1915
– William Proxmire, American politician (d. 2005)

1918
– Stubby Kaye, American comic actor (d. 1997)

1919
– Kalle Päätalo, Finnish novelist (d. 2000)

1920
– Roy Jenkins, British politician (d. 2003)

1921
– Terrell Bell, American politician (d. 1996)

1922
– Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist (d. 2007)

1925
– June Whitfield, British comedian
– Jonathan Winters, American comedian and actor


1928
– Carlos Fuentes, Mexican writer

– Gracita Morales, Spanish actress (d. 1995)

1929
– Hans Magnus Enzensberger, German writer
– LaVern Baker, American singer (d. 1997)


1930
– Hank Garland, American guitar virtuoso (d. 2004)
– Hugh Everett, American physicist (d. 1982)
– Vernon Handley, English conductor


1932
– Germano Mosconi, Italian journalist and former-anchorman

1934
– Jim Perry, Canadian-American television personality.

1936
– Jack Keller, American songwriter (d. 2005)

1937
– Stephen Lewis, Canadian politician and diplomat

1938
– Ants Antson, Estonian speed skater
– Haruhiro Yamashita, Japanese gymnast

1939
– Denise Alexander, American actress

1940
– Barbara Boxer, American politician

1941
– Jesse Colin Young, American singer and songwriter (The Youngbloods)

1943
– Doug Frost, Australian swimming coach

1944
– Kemal Sunal,Turkish actor

1945
– Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua
– Vince Martell, American guitarist (Vanilla Fudge)

1946
– Chris Dreja, British musician (The Yardbirds)
– Al Holbert, American racing driver and team owner (d. 1988)

1950
– Mircea Dinescu, Romanian poet
1950 – Jim Peterik, American musician and songwriter (Survivor)
1950 – Ed Ordynski, Australian rally driver

1951
– Kim Peek, American megasavant
– Marc Summers, American game show host

1953
– Marshall Crenshaw, American musician
– Andy Partridge, English musician (XTC)
– Kostas Skandalidis, Greek politician

1954
– Mary Gaitskill, American novelist

1955
– Dave Alvin, American songwriter and guitarist

1958
– Luz Casal, Spanish singer
– Carlos Lacamara, Cuban-born American Actor

1959
– Lee Haney, American bodybuilder

1960
– Chuck Hernandez, American baseball coach
– Peter Parros, American actor
– Stanley Tucci, American actor and director


1961
– Jan Kuehnemund, American guitarist



1965
– Max Mutchnick, American TV writer and producer



1967
– Gil de Ferran, Brazilian racing driver

1968
– David L. Cook, American singer and comedian
– Carson Kressley, American television personality

1970
– Lee Battersby, Australian author

1971
– Jennifer Celotta, American TV producer and writer
– Paul Chaloner, English TV e-sports commentator
– David DeLuise, American actor

1972
– Adam Beach, Canadian actor
– Tyler Christopher, American actor
– Leslie Mann, American actress



Famous Deaths in 11 November

397
– Martin of Tours, French saint


405
– Arsacius, intruding archbishop of Constantinople


537
– Pope Silverius, saint


826
– Theodore the Studite, saint (b. 759)


865
– Petronas the Patrician, Byzantine General


1623
– Philippe de Mornay, French writer (b. 1549)


1638
– Cornelis Corneliszoon van Haarlem, Dutch painter (b. 1562)


1675 – Guru Teg Bahadur Ji, 9th sikh guru (b. 1621)


1686
– Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, French general (b. 1621)
– Otto von Guericke, German scientist, inventor, and politician (b. 1602)


1724
– Joseph Blake (alias Blueskin), English highwayman (executed) (b. c.1700)


1812
– Platon Levshin, Metropoitan of Moscow (b. 1737)


1831
– Nat Turner, American slave rebel (b. 1800)


1855
– Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (b. 1813)


1862
– James Madison Porter, American politician (b. 1793)


1880
– Ned Kelly, Australian bushranger (hanged) (b. c.1855)
– Lucretia Mott, American feminist and abolitionist (b. 1793)



1884
– Alfred Brehm German zoologist (b. 1827)


1887 – Haymarket defendants:

• – George Engel (b. 1836)
  
• – Adolph Fischer (b. 1858)
  
• – Albert Parsons (b. 1848)
  
• – August Spies (b. 1855)
  
• 
  

1917
– Liliuokalani of Hawaii, Queen of Hawaii (b. 1838)


1918
– George Lawrence Price, Canadian soldier, last person to be killed in W.W.I. (b. 1892)


1931
– Shibusawa Eiichi, Japanese industrialist (b. 1840)


1938
– Typhoid Mary, carrier of the typhoid disease (b. 1869)


1939 – Jan Opletal, Czech student, victim of Nazi violence in Prague (b. 1915)


1945
– Jerome Kern, American composer (b. 1885)


1953
– Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1866)


1972
– Berry Oakley, Bass Player and founder, Allman Brothers Band (b. 1948)


1973
– David "Stringbean" Akeman, American banjo player (b. 1915)

– Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, Finnish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)


1974
– Alfonso Leng, Chilean composer (b. 1894)


1976
– Alexander Calder, American artist (b. 1898)


1977

– Greta Keller, Vienna-born cabaret singer and actress (b. 1903)
– Abraham Sarmiento, Jr., Filipino journalist & political activist (b. 1950)


1979
– Dimitri Tiomkin, Ukrainian-born composer (b. 1894)


1984
– Martin Luther King, Sr., American civil rights leader (b. 1899)


1988
– William Ifor Jones, Welsh conductor & organist (b. 1900)


1990
– Alexis Minotis, Greek actor (b. 1898)

– Yiannis Ritsos, Greek poet, proposed nine times for the Nobel Prize for Literature, winner of the Lenin Peace Prize (b. 1909)

1993
– Erskine Hawkins, American trumpet player and big band leader (b. 1914)


1994
– John A. Volpe, 61^st and 63^rd Governor of Massachusetts, 2^nd United States Secretary of Transportation (b. 1908)
– Pedro Zamora, Cuban-American AIDS activist (b. 1972)

– Tadeusz Żychiewicz, Polish journalist, art historian and publicist (b. 1922)


1997
– Rodney Milburn, American athlete (b. 1950)


1999
– Jacobo Timmerman, Argentine writer and journalist (b. 1923)


2004
– Yasser Arafat, Palestinian leader, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1929)

– Richard Dembo, French director and screenwriter (b. 1948)


2005

– Patrick Anson, 5th Earl of Lichfield, British photographer (b. 1939)
– Peter Drucker, American management theorist (b. 1909)
– Moustapha Akkad, Syrian-American film producer and director (b. 1930)
– Keith Andes, American actor (b. 1920)



2006
– Harry Lehotsky, pastor and activist (b. 1957)


2007
– Delbert Mann, American film director (b. 1920)

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Holidays and observances in 11 November

• Angola – Independence Day (1975)
  
• Maldives – Republic Day (1968)
  

Several nations celebrate, in some way, the end of World War I, the ceasefire of which went into effect at 11:00am CET on this day in 1918.

• Armistice Day in New Zealand, France and Belgium
  
• Independence Day in Poland
  
• Lāčplēsis Day (1919) in Latvia: the official date for commemoration of Latvian soldiers, who had died for the country's freedom.
  
• Remembrance Day in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Nations, including Australia and Canada.
  
• Veterans Day in the United States (called Armistice Day until 1954, when the name is changed, and the holiday is re-geared toward all military veterans)
  

Feast day of:

• Bartholomew of Grottaferrata in the Roman Catholic Church
  
• Martinmas in English-speaking countries, Feast of St. Martin of Tours
  
• Martin of Tours in the Roman Catholic Church
  
• St. Martin's Day in Croatia, the Netherlands, Germany, Flanders, Austria, Slovenia, Portugal and Malta
  
• Saint Menas in the Roman Catholic Church
  
• Soren Kierkegaard in the Lutheran Church
  

Popular culture:

• Opening of carnival season in Germany ("Karneval"/"Fasching" on 11-11, at 11:11), the Netherlands, and other countries
  
• Pepero Day in South Korea
  
• Singles Day in China
  
• Women's Day (1972) in Belgium
  

Source : en wikipedia