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  (1821-1966) History of Greece

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 (1821-1966) History of Greece Empty
مُساهمةموضوع: (1821-1966) History of Greece    (1821-1966) History of Greece Icon_minitimeالجمعة يوليو 23, 2010 10:01 am

###################################
Greek War of Independence (1821-1829)

##################################
25-3-1821:
Metropolitan Germanos of Patras blesses a big Greek flag at the Monastery of Agia Lavra.
Greece declares its independence. Beginning of the Greek War of Independence.

---------------------
10-4-1821
Easter Monday

Ecumenical Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is hanged in the central outside portal of the Patriarchate by the Ottomans. The door has remained shut and out of use ever since

---------------------

17-4-1821
Former Ecumenical Patriarch Cyril VI is hanged in the gate of the Adrianople's cathedral


---------------------
4-4-1821
Constantine Mourousis, Dimitrios Paparigopoulos and Antonios Tsouras are decapitated by the Ottomans in Constantinople


---------------------
5-4-1821
The Phanariotes Petros Tsigris, Dimitrios Skanavis and Manuel Hotzeris are decapitated, while Georgios Mavrocordatos is hanged by the Sultan forces in Constantinople

---------------------
1821, 23–24
April:
Battle of Alamana. After the Greek defeat, Athanasios Diakos is impaled on a spit.

---------------------
4-5-1821

Metropolitans Gregorios of Derkon, Dorotheos of Adrianople, Ioannikios of Tyrnavos, Joseph of Thessaloniki, and the Phanariote Georgios Callimachi and Nikolaos Mourousis are decapitated on Sultan orders in Constantinople

---------------------
1821,
May:
The governor Yusuf Bey orders his men to kill every Greek in Thessaloniki that they find. The killings last for days, with the metropolitan and leading notables among the victims[6]

---------------------
2-6-1821
Destruction of Kydonies in Asia Minor by the Ottoman army. Tens of thousands of Greek inhabitants become refugees

---------------------
24-6-1821
The massacre of Heraklion or 'the great ravage' takes place against the Greek community in Crete. Among the victims are the metropolitan of Crete and bishops


---------------------
9-7-1821:

The head of the Cypriot Orthodox Church Archbishop Kyprianos, along with 486 prominent Greek Cypriots, amongst them the Metropolitans Chrysanthos of Paphos, Meletios of Kition and Lavrentios of Kyrenia, are executed by beheading or hanging by the Ottomans in Nicosia[9]

---------------------
1821,
July:
Küçük Mehmet carries out several days of massacres of Greek Cypriots in Cyprus since July 9 and continues on for forty days, despite the Vizier's command to end the plundering since 20 July 1821 [10]

---------------------
11-9-1821

Tripoli falls to the Greeks, who proceed to eliminate the Ottoman garrison, officials and civilians. A total of about 30,000 people perish

---------------------
15-10-1821

A Turkish Cypriot mob hangs most of the Greek Cypriots in Larnaca and other towns, among them an archbishop, five bishops, thirty six ecclesiastics[11]

---------------------
9-4-1822

After a month's resistance, the city of Naousa is captured by Abdul Abud, laying the city to waste and massacring its Greek population.[12] Ending of the Greek revolution in Macedonia

---------------------
1822:
The Chios massacre takes place. A total of about 100,000 people perish

---------------------
26-7-1822
Battle at Dervenakia. A decisive victory of the Greeks which saved the revolution

---------------------
18-1-1823
Nafplio becomes the seat of the Revolutionary Government

---------------------
1823,
March:
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, under George Canning, recognizes the Greeks as a nation at war, thus recognizing de facto the Greek Independence

---------------------
1824, 7–8
June:
The island of Kasos is completely destroyed by the Turkish-Egyptian forces of Hussein Rushdi Pasha.
About 7,000 people perish

---------------------
21-6-1824

More than 15,000 Greeks of Psara are slaughtered by the forces of Husrev Pasha
---------------------
1824:
The First Siege of Missolonghi takes place


---------------------
22-5-1825
Laskarina Bouboulina is assassinated in Spetses

---------------------
5-6-1825
Odysseas Androutsos is assassinated in Athens


---------------------
22-6-1825
Ibrahim Pasha retakes Tripoli, kills the Greek population and destroys the city and its walls

---------------------
6-11-1825

Beginning of the Third Siege of Missolonghi

---------------------
1826, 10–11
April:
The Sortie of Missolonghi takes place. Approximately 8,000 Greek soldiers and civilians perish

---------------------
24-6-1826

Battle of Vergas

---------------------
11-11-1826

Prime Minister Andreas Zaimis transfers the seat of the government to Aegina

---------------------
1827, 22–24
April:
Battle of Phaleron. Georgios Karaiskakis is killed in action

---------------------
6-7-1827

Signing of the Treaty of London

---------------------
1827, 20
October:
Battle of Navarino

---------------------
1828, 24
January:
John Capodistria is elected Governor of Greece

---------------------
1828, 31
January:
Alexander Ypsilantis dies in Vienna

---------------------
#################################


First Hellenic Republic (1829–1832)
#################################
The First Hellenic Republic is a historiographic term used for a series of councils and "Provisional Governments" during the Greek War of Independence.

In the first stages of the uprising, various areas elected their own regional governing councils.
These were replaced by central administration at the First National Assembly of Epidaurus in early 1822, which also adopted the first Greek Constitution. A series of National Assemblies followed, while Greece was threatened with collapse due to civil war and the victories of Ibrahim Pasha.
In 1827, the Third National Assembly at Troezen selected Count Ioannis Capodistrias as Governor of Greece for seven years.
He arrived in 1828 and established the Hellenic State, ruling with quasi-dictatorial powers.
He was assassinated by political rivals in 1831 and was succeeded by his brother, Augustinos Kapodistrias until the Great Powers declared Greece a Kingdom and selected the Bavarian Prince Otto to be its king.

###################################
Kingdom of Greece (1833–1924)
###################################

Reign of King Otto (1833–1862)
=======================

3-9-1843
Military coup and revolution caused by the King's refusal to grant a constitution. King Otto agrees to convene a National Assembly to prepare a constitution

---------------------
15-9-1843

Andreas Metaxas becomes the first Constitutional Prime Minister of Greece

---------------------
18-3-1844

The Greek Constitution of 1844 is voted into effect

---------------------
4-1-1850

Pacifico incident. Blockade of the port of Piraeus by the British fleet

---------------------
14-5-1854

Anglo-French occupation of Piraeus to ensure Greek neutrality during the Crimean War, although a Greek volunteer battalion participates in the Siege of Sevastopol. Cholera epidemic begins in the capital, transmitted by the foreign troops

---------------------
1861:
Assassination attempt against Queen Amalia

---------------------
10-10-1862

Military coup. Otto leaves the throne and the country
##################################
Reign of King George I (1863–1913)

---------------------
1863:
Prince William of Denmark becomes the new King of the Hellenes

---------------------
2-5-1864

Britain donates the Ionian Islands to Greece, as coronation gift to King George I

---------------------
1864:
Assassination attempt against Alexandros Koumoundouros

---------------------
7-8-1864:

Greece has a new constitution which establishes a Constitutional Monarchy

---------------------
28-11-1864:

New constitution, unicameral assembly and constitutional monarchy created

---------------------
1866:
Beginning of the Great Cretan Revolution (1866–1869). The exiled King Otto donates most of his fortune for the cause

---------------------
2-9-1877

The hero of the War of Independence and current Prime Minister Constantine Kanaris dies

---------------------
13-6-1878

Beginning of the Treaty of Berlin. Eastern Rumelia becomes autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire

---------------------
1878,
Summer:
Cretan uprising, halted speedily through British intervention.

---------------------
1880-1920:
Approximately 400,000 Greeks emigrate to America due to widespread unemployment and economic problems.[16][17]

---------------------
3-4-1881

Earthquake strikes Chios. 3,550 people are reported dead

---------------------
1881:
Thessaly becomes part of Greece

---------------------
3-3-1882

Prime Minister Alexandros Koumoundouros resigns

---------------------
1885,
May:
Prime Minister Theodoros Deligiannis mobilizes the Greek Army in accordance with the Bulgarian revolt. Fearing modification of the Treaty of Berlin, the British Royal Navy blockades Greece

---------------------
6-9-1885:

Bloodless revolution in Eastern Rumelia and unification of the province with Bulgaria

---------------------
1893:
Completion of the Corinth Canal

---------------------
27-4-1894

Earthquake strikes Atalanti. 255 people are dead

---------------------
6-4-1896

Opening ceremonies of the first modern Olympic Games in Athens

---------------------
1897,
January:
Cretan Rebellion. Greece refuses an Ottoman offer of an autonomous administration in Crete and mobilizes for war

---------------------
25-2-1897

Greece refuses to withdraw the Greek volunteers from Crete. The Great Powers announce a blockade on Greece

---------------------
17-4-1897

The Ottoman Empire declares war against Greece. Greco-Turkish War (1897)

---------------------
27-4-1897

Greece loses the war, agrees to give up Crete to international administration, to minor territorial concessions in Thessaly in favor of the Turks and to pay a large indemnity

---------------------
1898:
Creation of the Cretan State

---------------------
1904:
Beginning of the Greek Struggle for Macedonia

---------------------
13-10-1904

Pavlos Melas is killed in Macedonia

---------------------
13-6-1905

Assassination of Prime Minister Theodoros Deligiannis

---------------------
1908:
Cretan deputies declare unilateral union with Greece

---------------------
1910,
January:
The Military League forces Parliament and King George I to summon a National Assembly to revise the Constitution of Greece.

---------------------
6-3-1910

A protest in Kileler by the serfs of Thessaly for agricultural reform is violently suppressed by the Army

---------------------
2-10-1910

Eleftherios Venizelos becomes Prime Minister of Greece

---------------------
####################

First Balkan War

##################

8-10-1912
The members states of the Balkan League, after issuing ultimata, declare war on Turkey. Beginning of the First Balkan War

---------------------
22-10-1912

Greek victory at the Battle of Sarantaporo

---------------------
1-11-1912

Greek victory at the Battle of Giannitsa

---------------------
1912, 6–12
November:
Greek victory at the Battle of Pente Pigadia

---------------------
9-11-1912

The Greek army enters Thessaloniki. Most of southern Macedonia is occupied by Greece

---------------------
15-11-1912

A Greek division marching towards Monastir is thrown back at the Battle of Vevi

---------------------
16-12-1912

Greek victory at the Naval Battle of Elli

---------------------
18-1-1913

Greek victory at the Naval Battle of Lemnos

---------------------
1913, 20–21
February:
After overcoming Ottoman defenses in the Battle of Bizani, the Greek army enters Ioannina. Epirus is liberated.

---------------------
18-3-1913

King George I is assassinated in Thessaloniki

---------------------
30-5-1913

Signing of the Treaty of London. End of the First Balkan War

---------------------
###################

Second Balkan War

###################

16-6-1913
Bulgarian forces attack Greece and Serbia. Beginning of the Second Balkan War


---------------------
1913, 19–21
June:
Greek victory at the Battle of Kilkis-Lahanas

---------------------
1913, 22–23
June:
Greek victory at the Battle of Doiran

---------------------
1913, 8–18
July:
Greeks and Bulgarians fight to a bloody stalemate at the Battle of Kresna Gorge

---------------------
10-8-1913
Singing of the Treaty of Bucharest. End of the Second Balkan War. Much of Macedonia is transferred from Bulgaria to Greece


---------------------
###############################

[edit] National Schism

---------------------
1914:
According to the Corfu Protocol Northern Epirus is granted autonomy within Albania. Beginning of the Greek genocide

---------------------
1915,
January:
King Constantine I forces Venizelos to resign. The National Schism begins

---------------------
1915,
October:
French and British forces land in Thessaloniki, establishing the Salonika Front

---------------------
1915,
December:
Constantine I forces Venizelos to resign for a second time and dissolves the Liberal-dominated parliament. Venizelos leaves Athens

---------------------
1916,
April:
The autonomy of Northern Epirus is revoked by the Albanian government, in violation to the Corfu Protocol

---------------------
1916,
August:



---------------------
30-8-1916

Successful anti-royalist coup by the Movement of National Defence. Venizelos returns to the Greek mainland. Henceforth, Greece has two governments:
the royalist government in Athens led by the King and the "Temporary Government of National Defence" led by Venizelos in Thessaloniki

---------------------
18-11-1916

The "November events". Royalist paramilitary units, named the "League of Reservists", target the Venizelists. Armed clashes between Reservists and French marines in Athens. The Allies institute a naval blockade on Greece. French and British forces land in Thessaly and enter the regional capital of Larissa

---------------------
21-11-1916

Britannic, sister ship of Titanic, sinks by a mine near Kea. 30 people die

---------------------
1917,
June:
French and British forces occupy Piraeus, bombard Athens and force the Greek fleet to surrender. Constantine I resigns and leaves the country. His second son Alexander I becomes King and Venizelos is restored as Prime Minister in Athens

---------------------
19-8-1917:

The Great Fire of Thessaloniki destroys most of the city


##############
World War I

#############
1917,
July:
Greece officially declares war on the Central Powers

---------------------
1918, 29–31
May:
Battle of Skra-di-Legen ends in Greek victory

---------------------
30-10-1918:

Signing of the Armistice of Mudros, which ended World War I in the Near East

---------------------
#################################

Greco-Turkish War

---------------------
1918-1923

Allied Occupation of Constantinople.

---------------------
15-5-1919
The Greek army lands in Smyrna (today called İzmir). Beginning of the Greco-Turkish War

---------------------
1919, 27
June-4 July:
Battle of Aydın

---------------------
27-11-1919
Signing of the Treaty of Neuilly. Greece acquires Western Thrace


---------------------
10-8-1920
Signing of the Treaty of Sèvres. Greece acquires Eastern Thrace and the area of Smyrna


---------------------
12-8-1920
First assassination attempt against Venizelos in the Gare de Lyon railway station in Paris

---------------------
1920, 13
August:
Assassination of prominent royalist Ion Dragoumis in Athens

---------------------
1920,
November:
Despite his achievements, Venizelos is defeated in the 1920 General Elections

---------------------
25-10-1920

King Alexander I dies suddenly of infection caused by the bite of a monkey of the Royal Gardens

---------------------
17-11-1920

Following the death of her grandson, Queen Olga becomes regent of Greece, until the return of her son

---------------------
19-12-1920
Constantine I returns as King, following a plebiscite

---------------------
1921, 9–12
January:
First Battle of İnönü

---------------------
1921, 26–31
March:
Second Battle of İnönü

---------------------
1921:
Assassination attempt against George Papandreou

---------------------
26-8-1921
Till:
13-9-1921

Battle of Sakarya

---------------------
1922

26–30 August:
Battle of Dumlupınar

---------------------
9-9-1922
The Turkish army enters Smyrna. Metropolitan Chrysostomos of Smyrna is lynched and murdered by a Turkish mob incited by Nureddin Pasha

---------------------
13-9-1922
Smyrna is set on fire. Approximately 100,000 Greeks perish

---------------------
1922,
September:
The Greek Army, Navy and people revolt. The government is deposed and the King forced to resign. Venizelos returns in Greece

---------------------
27-9-1922

George II becomes King of Greece

---------------------
28-11-1922
According to the verdict of the Trial of the Six, the former Prime Minister Dimitrios Gounaris, the Commander in Chief of the Greek Armies Georgios Hatzianestis and four other high ranked politicians are executed as responsible for the Asia Minor Catastrophe


---------------------
24-7-1923

Signing of the Treaty of Lausanne. The Greeks of Istanbul, Imbros and Tenedos (about 279,788 in Istanbul alone the next year) are excluded from the population exchange. The islands of Imbros and Tenedos are granted autonomy, by article 14, which was never implemented


####################
Restoration of stability
####################

1923:
Greece faces an enormous refugee problem with the arrival of approximately 1.5 million Greeks from Asia Minor (according to the population exchange agreement of the Treaty of Lausanne. The population of the bankrupt Greece rose by 1/3 in a period of a few months. The fate of the rest 1 million Greeks of Asia Minor (according to the Ottoman census) remains unknown

---------------------
31-8-1923

The Corfu incident. Mussolini's forces bombard and briefly occupy the Greek island of Corfu

---------------------
1923,
October:
Failed anti-Venizelist military coup, sparked out of fear for the upcoming elections' result

---------------------
16-12-1923

Venizelos's Liberal Party wins the elections

---------------------
19-12-1923

King George II is "asked" to leave the country. Admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis is named Regent

---------------------
#################################

Second Hellenic Republic (1924–1935)

#################################
25-3-1924:
Greece is proclaimed a republic. Pavlos Kountouriotis becomes the first President of Greece

---------------------
13-4-1924:

A plebiscite condones the change of constitution

---------------------
7-10-1924

Failed military coup

---------------------
15-3-1925

Successful coup led by General Theodoros Pangalos. President Pavlos Kountouriotis resigns

---------------------
22-10-1925:
The brief War of the Stray Dog with Bulgaria. Greece is imposed a fine, but is able to stop the attacks by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) komitadjis into Greek Macedonia

---------------------
23-8-1926
General Pangalos is overthrown after a coup. Caretaker government under Georgios Kondylis

---------------------
1928:
Venizelos returns from exile and leads the Liberals back to power

---------------------
26-9-1932
The village of Ierissos in Chalcidice is wiped out by a powerful earthquake.

161 people are reported dead

---------------------
1933,
March:
Failed pro-Venezelist coup

---------------------
23-4-1933

Kos is struck by an earthquake. 200 people die

---------------------
6-6-1933

Second assassination attempt against Venizelos in Athens

---------------------
1935,
March:
Failed coup led by Venizelos and Nikolaos Plastiras. Venizelos flees in France and dies in Paris the following year, the armed forces are purged of Venizelist and Republican officers

---------------------
10-10-1935

Coup led by Georgios Kondylis abolishes the Republic, confirmed by a rigged plebiscite later the same year

###################################
Kingdom of Greece restored (1935–1967)
###################################


3-11-1935
George II is restored to the throne


=========================
4th of August Regime (1936-1940)
==========================
4-8-1936

Coup by General Ioannis Metaxas, who declares a state of emergency, decrees martial law, annuls various articles of the Constitution and establishes a crisis cabinet to put to an end the growing riots and to restore social order.

---------------------
1939:
Hatay is annexed by Turkey. The immigration of the Antiochian Greeks reaches its peak

---------------------
15-8-1940

Torpedoing and sinking of the Greek light cruiser Elli in Tinos harbor on August 15, 1940 (a national religious holiday), by an Italian submarine. The Greek government announced that the attack had been carried out by a submarine of "unknown nationality", in an attempt to keep Greece neutral


#########################
World War II (1940-1944)
#########################

Greco-Italian War and Battle of Greece (1940-1941)

---------------------
28-10-1940

After Greek premier Ioannis Metaxas rejects an Italian ultimatum demanding the occupation of Greek territory, Italian forces invade Greece. Beginning of the Greco-Italian War

---------------------
13-11-1940

The Battle of Pindus ends in a complete Greek victory

---------------------
14-11-1940

The Greek forces enter Albanian territory

---------------------
24-12-1940

The Greek army controls practically all of Northern Epirus

---------------------
1941:
Turkey mobilizes all Greeks between 18 and 45 years of age and deports them to labour battalions in central Anatolia

---------------------
29-1-1941

Ioannis Metaxas dies in Athens

---------------------
1-3-1941

Earthquake occurs in Larissa leaving 40 people dead and thousands homeless

---------------------
1941, 9–20
March:
The Italian Spring Offensive fails to dislocate the Greek forces

---------------------
6-4-1941

The German Army invades Greece

---------------------
1941, 11–12
April:
Battle of Vevi

---------------------
18-4-1941

The German Army advances towards Athens. Prime Minister Alexandros Koryzis commits suicide

---------------------
20-4-1941

The Greek First Army surrenders to the Germans

---------------------
21-4-1941


The German forces manage to go through the Metaxas Line

---------------------
22-4-1941

The King, the Royal family and the Government flee Athens and go to Crete

---------------------
27-4-1941


The German Army enters Athens. Greek writer Penelope Delta commits suicide. The Nazi flag is raised on Acropolis; Evzone soldier on guard duty jumps off the Acropolis wrapped in the Greek flag

---------------------
4-5-1941

Out of respect for the Greek nation, Hitler orders the Wehrmacht not to take Greek war prisoners and allows them to carry weapons

---------------------
20-5-1941

Beginning of the Battle of Crete

---------------------
22-5-1941

The King, the Royal family and the Government are evacuated to Alexandria

---------------------
1-6-1941
The remaining defenders at Sphakia surrender to the German Army

######################################
Axis occupation and Resistance (1941–1944)

######################################

30-5-1941
The first resistance act takes place in Athens. Two law students tear down the Swastika banner from the Acropolis

---------------------
27-9-1941

The National Liberation Front (EAM), the largest resistance group, is founded

---------------------
1941, 28–29
September:
A spontaneous rebellion in Drama is repressed by the Bulgarian occupation forces with a death toll of 3,000

---------------------
17-10-1941

Executions of the male population and burning of the villages Kerdyllia by the Nazis, with a death toll of 235[18]

---------------------
1941

23–28 October:
Massive executions of the inhabitants of the villages Mesovouno, Cleisto, Kidonia and Ambelofito by the Nazis

---------------------
1941-1942,
Winter:
The Great Famine. An estimated 300,000 Greeks perish

---------------------
1942:
The Fortune Tax (Varlık Vergisi) is imposed on the Greeks in Turkey (as well as on others, mostly non-Muslims), resulting in their financial ruination

---------------------
1942,
June:
The Greek People's Liberation Army begins operating in the mountains

---------------------
1942,
Summer:
The great suffering and the pressure of the exiled Greek government eventually forces the British to partially lift the blockade. The International Red Cross is able to distribute food supplies in sufficient quantities

---------------------
25-11-1942
The Gorgopotamos bridge is blown up in a common operation between the Greek militants and British saboteurs (Operation Harling). This successful operation disrupted the German transportation of ammunition via Greece to the Nazi Africa Corps under Rommel


---------------------
27-2-1943
Poet Kostis Palamas dies. His funeral becomes a public show of defiance to the occupation authorities.

---------------------
1943,
March:
The Germans began mass deportations of the Jews of Thessaloniki to Auschwitz. By the end of the war, an estimated 60,000 Greek Jews were murdered.

---------------------
16-8-1943
317 inhabitants of Kommeno are murdered and the village is torched by the Nazis


---------------------
1943,
September:
The Nazi attempt to exterminate the Jews of Athens fails, thanks to the combined efforts of Archbishop Damaskinos, the Greek resistance groups and the Greek people

---------------------
13-9-1943
Over 5,000 Italian soldiers are executed by the Nazis in Cephallonia or perish in the sea, during the German takeover of the Italian occupation areas

---------------------
26-9-1943
Till:
16-11-1943
Battle of Leros, the culmination of the Dodecanese Campaign


---------------------
13-12-1943

The Massacre of Kalavryta takes place

---------------------
10-3-1944
the EAM-controlled Political Committee of National Liberation is established


---------------------
10-6-1944
The Distomo massacre. 218 civilians are murdered and the village is looted and burnt


---------------------
###############################

Restoration of the Greek Government

###############################


14-10-1944
Athens is liberated and the Greek government-in-exile returns, with George Papandreou at its head


---------------------
18-10-1944
Prime Minister George Papandreou and his national unity government repatriate


---------------------
3-12-1944
"The December events". 28 people are killed by British troops and policemen in Athens


---------------------
4-12-1944
George Papandreou attempts to resign

---------------------
12-12-1944
ELAS controls most of Athens and its environs

---------------------
12-2-1945
EAM and the Greek Government sign a peace agreement to end fighting


---------------------
16-6-1945
Former ELAS leader Aris Velouchiotis is killed or commits suicide


---------------------
17-10-1945
Archbishop Damaskinos assumes as regent in an attempt to stabilize the country

---------------------
24-10-1945
Greece is one of the founding members of the United Nations

Civil War (1946-1949)

---------------------
1946,
March:
Fighting resumes between the Government and the Communists

---------------------
28-9-1946
A national referendum favours constitutional monarchy

---------------------
1946:
King George II returns to Greece

---------------------
20-1-1947
The deadliest shipwreck of the modern Greek history occurs when Himara sinks in the South Evian Gulf, resulting in 391 deaths. It remains unknown if the cause was the bad weather, a mine or sabotage


---------------------
1-4-1947

King George II dies of a sudden heart attack in the Palace in Athens. The Greeks do not believe the announcement, considering it a joke. He is succeeded by his younger brother Paul

---------------------
1947,
December:
Approximately 1,200 Communist militants are killed in a battle near Konitsa

---------------------
1948:
The Communists reach the peak of their power

---------------------
1949,
August:
General Alexander Papagos launches a major counter-offensive against Communist forces in northern Greece, pushing them into Albania

---------------------
16-10-1949
Nikolaos Zachariadis, leader of the Communist guerillas, announces a ceasefire that marks the end of the Greek Civil War


#################################
Postwar Greece (1950-1967)

##########################

10-1-1950
The eruption of the Thera volcano for the fourth time in the century, leads to the evacuation of the island

---------------------
9-12-1950

Greece takes part in the Korean War in the side of South Korea. By the end of the war in 1953, 194 Greek soldiers will be killed

---------------------
18-2-1952
Greece and Turkey become members of NATO

---------------------
1953,
August:
A series of earthquakes devastates the islands of Zakynthos and Cephallonia resulting in 476 deaths. The first relief efforts came from the recently established state of Israel

---------------------
30-4-1954
Sofades is struck by an earthquake. 25 people die

---------------------
1955, 6–7
September:
The Istanbul Pogrom, directed primarily against the city's 100,000-strong Greek minority, takes place. A total of 16 Greeks are killed, while many others are severely wounded, raped and forcibly circumcised by the mob. Thousands or Greek-owned buildings are badly damaged or destroyed, accelerating emigration of ethnic Greeks from the city

---------------------
1956:
Failed coup against King Paul I by a group of colonels

---------------------
9-7-1956
Many casualties and extensive damages are caused by an earthquake and subsequent tsunami in Santorini and the nearby islands

---------------------
1959:
The Merten affair challenges the Greek political world

---------------------
27-5-1963

Assassination of politician Gregoris Lambrakis

---------------------
17-6-1963
Constantine Karamanlis resigns the premiership after a disagreement with King Paul


---------------------
1963,
November:
The Center Union under George Papandreou wins the elections. Karamanlis is self-exiled in Paris

---------------------
6-3-1964
The Palace announces the death of King Paul. Rumors circulate in Athens that in fact he had died several days earlier. He is succeed by his son Constantine

---------------------
1964:
The Ankara government reneges on the 1930 Greco-Turkish Ankara Convention. Deported with two day’s notice, the Greek community of Istanbul shrunk from 100,000 persons in 1955 to only 48,000 in 1965

---------------------
1-10-1965
Royal Coup, involving King Constantine II and a group of politicians, known as Apostasia of 1965. Prime Minister George Papandreou is forced to resign


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7-12-1966
Ferry SS Heraklion sinks in the Mirtoon Sea. 247 people lose their lives in the worst shipwreck of postwar Greece

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1966-1980:
About 160,000 Greeks emigrated to the USA
الرجوع الى أعلى الصفحة اذهب الى الأسفل
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(1821-1966) History of Greece
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