Timeline of Afghan History ( 1919 - 2005 )

Timeline of Afghan History (1919-2005)

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For this Timeline of Afghan History in the period   We have chosen This mode of writing  as follows:
"  The Year The Month number
"The Short statement of Event

In  the following timeline :We started by the Year 1919 because it is the Year of independence .

But if we mention the full date then  We have chosen This mode of writing  as follows:

"  The day - The Month number - The Year
The Short statement of Event "

As an exact source : We will depend mainly on this site:
 Afghanland.com

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1919 8
Afghanistan Declares its Independences after 3rd and final Anglo-Afghan war.

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1919 11
Lenin Called Amanullah Khan the Leader of Only Independent Islamic State and encouraged him to rally enslaved Muslims around the world for independence.

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1921 2
Afghan - Soviet Treaty of Friendship

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1924
Soviets aided Amanulla with War planes to eliminate opposition of king's modernization

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1925
First USSR invasion: Russian Annexed Utra Tangi Island on the Amu River

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1926
USSR returned the Island back to Afghanistan followed by a treaty of neutrality and non-aggression with Afghanistan

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1927
Amanulla visits Europe and Middle east

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1928
Photographs of Queen Soraya reach Afghanistan depicting her in western clothes and without veil

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1929 1
Rebellion against King Amanaulla and his western ways forced him out of Kabul and into Qandahar in his Rolls Royce

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1929 2
Habibulla Kalakani (Bachai Saqaw) an illiterate man proclaimed himself king and surrounded himself with bandits and peasants. He once replaced the rose garden at the royal palace with field of carrots

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1929 3
Ghulam Nabi invaded Afghanistan to help overthrow Bachai Saqaw and reinstate King Amanulla

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1929 4
Ghulam Nabi Captured Mazar Sharif and Marched towards Kabul with an army of 6000 supporters

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1929 6
Word came that King Amanulla had fled the country and the rebellion of Ghulam Nabi lost its drive and eventually failed

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1929 7
General Nadir Khan Marched from qandahar to reclaim kabul from Bachai saqaw

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1929 10
Kabul fell and Bachai Saqaw was captured and hanged, Nadir Shah was proclaimed King of Afghanistan.

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1929 11
King Nadir Shah reversed all of Amanulla's reforms and reinstated all traditional values

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1930 6
Soviet army invaded Afghanistan in a campaign to capture Ibrahim Beg a Uzbek rebel fining against the soviets in Uzbekistan

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1931 5
Afghan Army forced Ibarim Beg out of Afghanistan and he was captured by Soviets and Killed

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1933
King Nadir Shah was assassinated and was immediately replaced by his son Zahir Khan but the power remained in the hands of King Nadir's brothers

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1947
British forces left South Asia and India proclaimed independence and Indian Muslims proclaimed their own nation Pakistan

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1948
Pashtuns of Pakistan claimed their independence and accepted neither Afghanistan nor Pakistan as their legitimate government. 100 year contract of Pashtunistan similar to Hong Kong had ended with the transfer of land from British to Afghanistan

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1954 10
Prime Minister Daud sent his brother Prince Naim to United States to Appeal to Secretary of State John Foster Dulles for military assistance

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1954 12
US secretary of State Dulles rejected the request for aid stating Afghanistan is of no Interest to United States

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1955 1
Prime Minister Daud asked USSR for military Assistance

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1955 12
First USSR secretary Khrushchev and Prime Minister Bulganin visit Kabul and grant $100 Million line of credit for development of Afghanistan

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1963
Prime Minister Daud resigned from office in disagreement with King Zahir Shah. Troops patrolled the streets of Kabul for several days in case of a coup by Ex-Prime Minister Prince Daud

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1964
King Zahir Shah introduced "New Democracy" Program including a constitution, Parament, Free Elections, Free Press and Freedom to form political parties, All ideas of Prince Daud

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1965 1
Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) a communist party is formed headed by Noor Mohammad Taraki

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1965 2
Amin as a Member of Faculty at Kabul University recruited students to the communist party of Afghanistan

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1965 3
First ever elections were held in Afghanistan and 10% of the population participated

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1966 4
Khalq newspaper began printing communist propaganda headed by Taraki and was ordered closed by King Zahir Shah

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1967 3
PDPA splits in 2 factions: Khalq headed by Taraki and Parcham by Babrak Karmal a pro soviet communist leader with strong ties to USSR embassy in Kabul

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1969 4
Elections were held in Afghanistan and the PDPA members made inflammatory statements instead of pushing their agenda which resulted in scraping the idea of Constitutional Monarchy

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1970 1
King Zahir Shah began his grip on power and reclaimed most of the key government position to those loyal to him

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1972
Prince Daud began to make plans with political parties, Military leaders, and Both Parchamis and Khalqis to oust King Zahir Shah

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1973 6
King Zahir Shah leaves for Italy for medical reasons

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1973 7
While Zahir Shah is taking a mud bath at Ischia, Italy he hears the news that Prince Daud has organized a successful coup against the monarchy

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1973 7
Prince Daud makes a radio announcement proclaiming Afghanistan a republic and himself as the first President of the Republic of Afghanistan

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1974
President Daud began to reduce leftist cabinet members and members of the government were dismissed or sent abroad as ambassadors

1975
Pakistan accused President Daud of training 15000 Pashtuns to carry out rebellion on Pakistan against the government

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1977 4
President Daud visited Brezhnev in Moscow where Brezhnev presented Daud a list of complains about his policies. President daud's Response: "I want to remind you that you are speaking to the President of an Independent country, No one of your eastern European satellites. You trying to interfere in the internal affairs of Afghanistan, and this I will not permit" and he storms out of Brezhnev's office

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1977 5
With the Aid of the USSR Parcham and Khaq was reunited as PDPA and began plans and nightly trainings in the deserts and forests to oust President Daud

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1978 3
President Daud made visits to India, Pakistan, Egypt, Libya, Turkey, Yugoslavia, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait to build ties

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1978 3
President Daud made trade agreements with China and planned to Visit President Carter in Washington

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1978 4
Shah Reza of Iran visited Kabul to build closer trade relations between the 2 nations

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1978 4
Mir Akbar Khyber a communist ideology was murdered and 15000 supporters of the PDPA marched in military order on the day of his funeral

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1978 4
President Daud saw the PDPA a real threat and arrested Amin, Taraki and Karmal but visitors were free to see them

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1978 4
Amin handed out orders of a coup to his teenage son while amin was in detention. Military Leaders General Watanjar and Colonel Qader began to organized a major coup to overturn the military in PDPA favors

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27-4-1978
Coup began by tanks protecting the Presidential Palace turned against President Daud and Air Force Began Bombing the Palace by the order of Colonel Qader

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27-4-1978 at 7:05PM
Colonel Qader declared the "End of the Mohammadzai rule in Afghanistan and transfer of power to the people of Afghanistan" Not mentioning the transitional Leaders

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28-4-1978
President Daud and all members of his family including grandchildren and close family aids were killed

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30-4-1978
Announcement was made on Radio that "revolutionary Council have gained power in Afghanistan headed by Noor Mohammad Taraki

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1978 5
People of Afghanistan rebel against the PDPA Government claiming them as atheist in an Islamic Land of almost 100% devout Muslims

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1978 10
PDPA declares Marriage Dowry and arranged marriages and declared land reforms without aid to farmers

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1979 2
US Ambassador Adolph Dubs was killed by Russian Advisers in Kabul

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1979 2
Shah of Iran falls and Replaced by anti-American Ayatolla Khomeini and the hostage situation captures the American attention away from Afghanistan and the Russian buildup

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1979 3
Afghan soldiers Joined Rebels in Herat against the government which resulted in thousands of casualties

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1979 8
Balah i sar rebellion against the government failed resulted in 4500 Soviet advisors to enter Afghanistan to maintain order

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1979 8
USSR began a plan to assassinate Amin who had most control even though Taraki was the Head of State

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1979 9
Taraki visits Brezhnev and in Moscow they plan to Assassinate Amin and upon his return to Afghanistan. Amin is informed of this plot by Taroon and Shah Wali

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1979 9
Amin fires Watanjar, Mazdooryar, Gulabzoi and Sarwari from government posts to strengthens his position against a possible coup

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1979 9
Taraki Invited Amin to Presidential Palace with assurance of Soviet Ambassador Puzanov.Upon Amin's arrival a shoot out breaks and Taroon saves Amin's life by standing in front of him during the shootings. Amin Escapes

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1979 9
Amin Returns at night with his supporters and kills Taraki with a pillow while he is asleep and burring him the night of September 8 1979

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1979 9
September 9 Radio announced the Death of Taraki due to Illness and Amin as the new Leader of Afghanistan. Gulabzoy, Watanjar, Mazdooryar and Sarwary sought refuge in Soviet Embassy building

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1979 10
Time magazine: 30000 Imprisoned and 2000 executed by Khalq regime

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1979 10
Amin declares Afghanistan an Independent state and would defend its sovereignty even against the USSR. Amin begins to build on Afghan American relationship

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1979 10
USSR begins military buildup in central Asia and Aim fears this as an attack on him and calls for a meeting with Pakistan President Ziaulhaq for a possible amnesty deal but it would never happen

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1979 11
USSR sends Pavloskii the mastermind of previous Russian invasions of eastern Europe to Afghanistan to plan a future invasion

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24-12-1979
Russian soldiers begin to move into Afghanistan and secure airports and an attack on Darulaman the presidential Palace

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1979 12
Amin is killed at the palace where he was found in the bar with a beautiful woman

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1979 12
Babrak Karmal in a Radio announcement declares himself the new leader of PDPA and asked the soviet army to help him subdue the uprising against the government

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1980 12
Karmal Begins to Sovietize Afghanistan while the Red Army is in fierce battle with the Mujahideen

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1981 5
The Afghan Army which numbered 100000 strong dropped to 30000 due to defection to mujahideen

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1981 12
1982 5 United States tried to create a coalition of resistance fighters under King Zahir Shah in order to supply them with weapons but the resistance leaders with the help of Pakistan rejected the idea and 6 of 7 leaders established their own leader

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1982 6
7 different resistance groups begin resistance from Pakistan including Rabbani, Hekmatyar, Mojadedi and others smaller groups

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1983
CIA begins an active role funding the leaders of resistance groups through Pakistan. (Pakistani government keeps the funding and gives a small amount to its chosen resistance group)

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1984 3
foreign groups begin to aid the Afghan people with the help of CIA. ( Religious Students, Charity Workers, and Wealthy Arabs including Bin Laden) a gift of CIA to the Afghan people

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1985
Ronald Regan calls Afghans "Heroes of Freedom" "Champions of Free world" and proclaims march 21st as National Afghanistan Day in the United States

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1986
Stinger Missiles are introduced. Karmal is replaced with the notorious Najibullah ( Head of Secret Police) by USSR

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1987
Afghans gain the upper hand in the battle against the USSR

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1988
USSR begins to pull out of Afghanistan as Najibullah remains in power as the president of Afghanistan

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1989
Slowly major cities fall to Mujahidin and the Communist regime weakens

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1990
Dostom, a communist general of Najibullah sees the fall of the communist government, switches sides and established the city of Mazar I Sharif as his stronghold

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1991
Communist government falls as the Mujahidden begin to Advance from different sides of Kabul city

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1992
An Interim Government is established in Pakistan headed by Mojadedi to replace Najibullah. Najibullah seeks refuge in UN building

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1993
Elections were held to proclaim Rabbani as president. Afghans await US assistance in rebuilding Afghanistan. Civil war erupts in Kabul as Dostom, Masoud and Hekmatyar begin to fight for power

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1994
Warlords and renegade generals establish their own rules in the areas they control

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1995
Mullah Omar and few others begin to disarm the warlords and march towards Kabul. Hekmatyar falls to the Taliban. (Rabbani Calls the Taliban "Doves of Peace") Rabbani government is attacked and it falls as Taliban capture Kabul, hang Najibullah

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1996
Osama helps taliban financially as this point and establishes his own group of Arabs remained in this country. Pakistan aids the taliban and uses Bin Laden to further its causes in Kashmir region

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1997
With the Help of Pakistan and Bin Laden and the Taliban displaces Dostom from Mazar I Sharif and gains control of 95% of Afghanistan

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1998
Dostom, Masood, Hekmatyar and Rabbani establishes the Northern Alliance with the help of Russia

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1999
Bin laden sends his men to Kashmir, Chechnya and several other countries to fight and establishes his base in lawless Afghanistan

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2000
Pakistan begins to train Taliban soldiers and provides Bin Laden with intelligence to fight in Kashmir and other nations

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2001 9
Ahmad Shah Masood the leader of the Northern Alliance is Killed on September 9 by men posing as journalists planting a bomb in a video camera

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11-9-2001
World Trade center and Pentagon are attacked by hijacked planes

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2001 10
US attacks Afghanistan in retaliation and targets military bases and Taliban and Al Qaeda Soldiers

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2001 11
US ground forces begin their attack on Afghanistan but fails thereafter air strikes begin with 1000s dead

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13-11-2001
The Afghan capital, Kabul, falls without violence

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7-12- 2001
Taliban stronghold in southern city of Kandahar falls

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22-12- 2001
After the UN sponsored meeting of afghan power brokers, Hamid Karzai, is sworn in as chairman of a six-month interim government

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18-4-2002
Former king Mohammad Zaher Shah returns to Afghanistan after 27 years in exile

11-6-2002
The loya jirga, or tribal grand council, convenes to decide on a new 18-month government charged with drafting a new constitution

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13-6- 2002
Karzai is elected as head of state of the new government of Afghanistan by the loya jirga

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2003
New currency issued by De Afghanistan Bank

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2003 11
Draft constitution was presented for further analysis

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2003 12
Loya Jirga to ratify the constitution started Sunday December 14. Sebghatullah Mojadedi was elected as Jirga President

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4-1-2004
Council adopts charter creating Islamic state under presidential system sought by Karzai, opening way for elections but also exposing enduring ethnic divisions

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20-8-2004
After nearly yearlong process during which 12 election workers slain, about 10.6 million Afghans are registered to vote

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7-9-2004
Thirty days of campaigning starts for presidential election

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9-10-2004
Presidential election

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2004 10
Vote count begins and Hamid Karzai is leading in every poll

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2004
Hamid Karzai wins presidential election in a landslide 55% to 16% over Yonis Qanooni, his closest rival